Tourism potential in Maranhão based on the categorization of regions and municipalities in the Brazilian tourism map

Abstract

Tourism is a strategic sector for the socioeconomic development of regions with natural and cultural potential, such as Maranhão, Brazil. This study analyzes the relationship between the tourism categorization of Maranhão’s tourist hubs, as defined by the Brazilian Tourism Map, and their levels of tourism development, aiming to identify regional challenges and opportunities. The research adopted a documentary and statistical approach, analyzing tourism categorization criteria and secondary data on infrastructure, attractiveness, and local governance. A correlation was established between the categorization levels and the competitiveness indicators of the tourist hubs. Tourist hubs classified in higher categories (A and B) show better infrastructure, higher visitor flows, and greater competitiveness. Conversely, hubs in categories D and E face significant deficiencies, such as low attractiveness and lack of investment. Additionally, stronger participatory governance was found to directly enhance tourism indicators. While useful, tourism categorization reflects structural inequalities among hubs. The study indicates that strengthening public-private partnerships, targeted infrastructure investments, and public policies aligned with local needs could boost sustainable tourism development. National comparative studies could further elucidate the factors influencing competitiveness. This study emphasizes the importance of tourism categorization for strategic planning and public policy formulation, highlighting the need for integrated and specific strategies. Investments in attraction diversification and governance strengthening can transform tourism into an inclusive development driver in Maranhão.

Keywords: Tourism. Public Policies. Categorization. Regional Development.